Assuming that QSO variability is caused by microlensing, one can put upper limits on the amount of lenses. Even if the variability is not caused by microlensing, the upper limits are still valid.
The links below point to one file containing the complete text, all figures and tables etc.
As are all my publications this is available in two forms:
last modified on Saturday, November 26, 2005 at 06:59:50 PM by helbig@astro.mNuOlStPiAvMa!x.de